Gregor Johann Mendel was born on July 22 1822 in Heinzendorf, Austria. He was a gemen speaking Austrian Augustinian priest and scientis, and is often

Gregor Johann Mendel was born on July 22 1822 in Heinzendorf, Austria. He was a gemen speaking Austrian Augustinian priest and scientis, and is often called the father of genetics for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants. He was the first one to conduct controlled genetics experiments.

Reginald Crundall Punett (1875-1967) Punnett is probably best remembered today as the creator of the Punnett square, a tool still used by biologists t

Reginald Crundall Punett (1875-1967)

Punnett is probably best remembered today as the creator of the Punnett square, a tool still used by biologists to predict the probability of possible genotypes of offspring.

Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the first adherents to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, and did more than anyone else to advance its

Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the first adherents to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, and did more than anyone else to advance its acceptance among scientists and the public alike. Huxley was a passionate defender of Darwin’s theory so passionate that he has been called “Darwin’s Bulldog”. But Huxley was not only the bulldog for Darwin’s theory, but was a great biologist in his own right, who did original research in zoology and paleontology. Nor did he slavishly and uncritically swallow Darwin’s theory, he criticized several aspects of it, pointing out a number of problems.

He made a major contribution to the studies of primate evolution and expressed his idea that the human species is a part of natural world.

Ernst Walter Mayr was born on July 5 1904 in Kempten, Germany. He was one of the 20th century’s leading evolutionary biologists.

Ernst Walter Mayr was born on July 5 1904 in Kempten, Germany. He was one of the 20^th century’s leading evolutionary biologists. He was also a renowned taxonomist, tropical explorer, ornithologist, historian of science, and naturalist. In his book systematics and the Origin of SpeciesHe wrote that a species is not just a group of morphologically similar individuals but a group that can breed only among themselves, excluding all other. His theory of peripatric speciation based on his work on birds, is still considered a leading mode of speciation, and was the theoretical underpinning for the theory of punctuated equilibrium.

Friedrich Leopold August Weismann (Frankfurt am Main, 17 January 1834 – Freiburg, 5 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist.[1] Ernst Mayr

Friedrich Leopold August Weismann (Frankfurt am Main, 17 January 1834 – Freiburg, 5 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist.^[1] Ernst Mayr ranked him the second most notable evolutionary theorist of the 19th century, after Charles Darwin.

Weismann advocated the germ plasm theory, according to which (in a multicellular organism) inheritance only takes place by means of the germ cells—the gametes such as egg cells and sperm cells. Other cells of the body—somatic cells—do not function as agents of heredity. The effect is one-way: germ cells produce somatic cells, and more germ cells; the germ cells are not affected by anything the somatic cells learn or any ability the body acquires during its life. Genetic information cannot pass from soma to germ plasm and on to the next generation. This is referred to as the Weismann barrier.^[2] This idea, if true, rules out the inheritance of acquired characteristics as proposed by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.^[3]

The idea of the Weismann barrier is central to the Modern evolutionary synthesis, though it is not expressed today in the same terms. In Weismann's opinion the largely random process of mutation, which must occur in the gametes (or stem cells that make them) is the only source of change for natural selection to work on. Weismann was one of the first biologists to deny soft inheritance entirely.^[4] Weismann's ideas preceded the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's work, and though Weismann was cagey about accepting Mendelism, younger workers soon made the connection.

Weismann is much admired today. Ernst Mayr judged him to be the most important evolutionary thinker between Darwin and the evolutionary synthesis around 1930-40, and was "one of the great biologists of all time"

Borba; Sahani was born on 14th of November , 1891 in Bhera a small town in Shahapur District now a part of West Punjab in Pakistan. Birbal published h

Borba; Sahani was born on 14^th of November , 1891 in Bhera a small town in Shahapur District now a part of West Punjab in Pakistan. Birbal published his first two research papers in 1915, on some plants belonging to South France and Malaysia. In September 1939, he formed a committee of palaeobotanist in India. In course of time this committee published reports of Palaeobotanical activities in India. In June 1946, the Palaeobotanical Society was founded in Lucknow. The Palaeobotanical Institute was founded on 10^th of September 1946. The institute was later named “Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany”

Alexander Ivanovich Oparin was born 2nd of March 1894 and deid 21st of April 1980. He was a soviet biologist and biochemist, who has been acclaimed as

Alexander Ivanovich Oparin was born 2^nd of March 1894 and deid 21^st of April 1980. He was a soviet biologist and biochemist, who has been acclaimed as one of the greatest authorities on the origin of life. His Other major works were in fields of biochemical grounds for vegetable raw material processing and enzyme reactions in plant cells.

He showd that many food production technologies are base on the biocatalysis and developed foundations of the industrial biochemistry in the USSR. Oparin sometimes is called “Darwin of the 20^th Century”. Although he began by reviewing the various panspermia theories.

He founded the industrial biochemistry in the USSR. Oparin became Hero of Socialist Labour in 1969, received the Lenin Prize in 1974 and was awarded the Lomonosov Gold Medal in 1979 for outstanding achievements in biochemistry.